Interstate 478 New York

Overview

Interstate 478 is an unmarked route following the Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn-Battery) from I-278 (Brooklyn Queens Expressway) at the Red Hook section of Brooklyn north to the southern tip of Manhattan. Operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), the four lane tunnel uses all electronic toll collection through E-ZPass and toll by plate. Cashless toll collection commenced for the Hugh L. Carey Tunnel on January 3, 2017.¹

Battery Park and the north entrance of the Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn Battery) Tunnel from the World Trade Center. Photo taken in May 1999.

History

The first proposed alignment for Interstate 478 extended south from the planned Lower Manhattan Expressway (I-78) across the Manhattan Bridge to the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway (I-278). The Manhattan Bridge, a suspension bridge built between 1901 and 1909, spans the East River between Canal Street in Lower Manhattan and Flatbush Avenue in Brooklyn. The Lower Manhattan Expressway was dropped in March 1971 and I-478 redesignated along the Brooklyn Battery Tunnel and proposed Westway.²

The Brooklyn Battery Tunnel opened to traffic on May 25, 1950³ as the longest continuous underway vehicular tunnel in North America. The crossing took ten years to build.⁴ The tunnel was renamed after Brooklyn native Hugh L. Carey, a former Congressman and Governor of New York (1975-82) on October 22, 2012.³

Route Information

North End – Manhattan, New York, NY
South End – Brooklyn, New York, NY
Mileage – 2.14
Cities – New York City
Junctions –

Source: December 31, 2018 Interstate Route Log and Finders List

I-478 Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT)

Location	Vehicles per day
I-278 to NY 9A	48,380

Source: 2015 NYSDOT Traffic Data Viewer

This map inset from the 1969 New Jersey Official Map shows the previous proposed route of Interstate 478 over the Manhattan Bridge rather than the Brooklyn Battery Tunnel.

This was part of the planned Lower Manhattan Expressway, which would have taken I-78 across Manhattan from the Holland Tunnel east to the Williamsburg Bridge with I-478 branching south via the Manhattan Bridge.

Interstate 478 originally extended north as far as Mid-town Manhattan along the former elevated West Side Highway. The West Side Highway closed on December 16, 1973 from the Battery north to West 46th Street due to structural deficiencies and a collapse of a 60 foot section at Gansevoort Street. The remainder closed afterwards to West 57th Street, with a temporary roadway built along West Street and 12th Avenue. Demolition of the elevated West Side Highway took place between 1977 and 1989.² The route was dropped as an Interstate highway per AASHTO on November 8, 1986.

A replacement of the West Side Highway was approved in May 1993. The new roadway was constructed as a surface boulevard from April 1996 to August 2001 and signed as New York 9A.²

Highway Guides

Interstate 478

North End – Manhattan, New York City, New York

Perspective from Interstate 478 north
	Leaving the Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn Batteru) Tunnel, I-478 splits with a turn off for Trinity Place and curves west to New York 9A (West Street). Photo taken by Dan Moraseski (Winter 2001).
	I-478 intersects NY 9A (West Street) beyond the Battery Parking Garage. NY 9A runs along the Hudson River two miles to the Holland Tunnel (I-78) and five miles to the Lincoln Tunnel (MSR 495). Photo taken 05/99.
Perspective from New York 9A south
	Heading south on New York 9A, a two lane ramp (Exit 2) lowers into a short tunnel ahead of the Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn Battery) Tunnel entrance below Battery Park. Photo taken 08/09/04.
Perspective from Interstate 478 south
	Unsigned I-478 descends from NY 9A (West Street) into the Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn Battery) Tunnel. Photo taken 08/09/04.

South End – Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Perspective from Interstate 478 south
	Traffic south through the Hugh L. Carey Tunnel emerges from below the East River just ahead of I-278 (Brooklyn Queens Expressway) at Red Hook in Brooklyn. Photo taken 08/09/04.
	Continuing past the site of the former toll plaza, I-478 partitions into ramps for Interstate 278 (BQE) west the Belt Parkway and Staten Island, Hamilton Avenue to Red Hook and the BQE east to Atlantic Avenue and Astoria in Queens. Photo taken 08/09/04.
	The ramp for I-278 east from the Hugh L. Carey Tunnel south passes below the BQE through a tunnel and combines with an on-ramp from Hamilton Avenue. Photo taken 08/09/04.
Perspective from Interstate 278 (Brooklyn Queens Expressway) east
	Interstate 278 (BQE) east approaches the left exit for I-478 (Hugh L. Carey Tunnel) north to Manhattan. Photo taken 06/13/05.
	A lane drop occurs at Exit 25 for Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn Battery) Tunnel, resulting in a bottleneck for eastbound traffic on the BQE. Photo taken 06/13/05.
	Exit 25 departs I-278 (BQE) east for the tolled Hugh L. Carey Tunnel (unsigned I-478) north to Lower Manhattan. Photo taken 06/13/05.
	The BQE shifts northward and elevates over I-478 and parallel Hamilton Avenue before traveling below grade through Brooklyn’s Cobble Hill community. Photo taken 06/13/05.
Perspective from Interstate 478 north
	Interstate 478 lowers 0.4 miles from the separation with I-278 (BQE) to the entrance for the Hugh L. Carey (Brooklyn Battery) Tunnel. Photo taken by Cesar Centano (08/22/08).